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How domain controllers work

6 video lessons · about 21 minutes of video · practice questions on every step

This path is for Windows Server administrators, help desk staff moving into infrastructure work and anyone preparing for a Windows Server exam who wants to understand what domain controllers actually do. It is made of seven short video lessons, each a few minutes long, running from what a domain controller stores to how the operations master roles are moved when a server is retired or fails.

By the end you should be able to explain how a user signs in to a domain, how clients find a nearby domain controller through DNS, and which domain controller to look at when searches, sign-ins or object creation go wrong. You need basic Windows Server and DNS knowledge and a rough idea of what Active Directory Domain Services is; the Active Directory basics path covers that.

After this path you can

Start with step 1

The steps

  1. Step 1 · 3:33

    What is a domain controller?

    What NTDS.dit and SYSVOL hold on every domain controller

  2. Step 2 · 2:43

    What is a global catalog?

    Why the global catalog holds only part of each object

  3. Step 3 · 3:39

    The AD DS sign-in process

    How a computer finds a domain controller to authenticate a user

  4. Step 4 · 2:26

    Domain controller SRV records

    Why clients use SRV records in DNS to find a domain controller

  5. Step 5 · 5:46

    What are operations masters (FSMO roles)?

    The five FSMO roles and which exist per forest or per domain

  6. Step 6 · 2:46

    Transferring and seizing FSMO roles

    The difference between transferring and seizing a FSMO role

Courses for this path

The videos are short lessons from these courses. The courses add the demonstrations, labs and the rest of the topic.

Main course

Active Directory and Windows Server 90+ Hour with Labs

4.4★ · 5,924 students on Udemy

See the course on Udemy

Take it further

Active Directory: Domain Controllers, Operations Masters, GC

4.6★ · 9,297 students on Udemy

See the course on Udemy

What next

Continue with the Deploying domain controllers path to install, upgrade and clone domain controllers yourself.

Next path: Deploying domain controllers →

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